Manner Of Articulation

One of the most important things that we need to know about a speech sound is what sort of obstruction it makes to the flow of air: a vowel makes very little obstruction, while a plosive consonant makes a total obstruction. The type of obstruction is known as the manner of articulation. Apart from vowels, we can identify a number of different manners of articulation, and the consonant chart of the International Phonetic Association (IPA) classifies consonants according to their manner and their place of articulation. If the closure is complete, the result is a plosive, affricate or nasal. If the closure is partial, the result is a lateral. If the closure is intermittent, the result is a roll (trill) or flap. And if there is narrowing without complete closure the result is a fricative. Within vowels, classification is based on the number of auditory qualities distinguishable in the sound (pure vowel, diphthong, triphthong), the position of the soft palate, and the type of lip position (see rounding). Sounds which are vowel-like in manner of articulation, but consonantal in function, are classified as semivowels or frictionless continuants.

Semi-vowels in isolatation have different places of articulations; /w/ will be either a bilabial, because it produces labialization (lip-rounding) or a velar, for the touch of the back of the tongue with the velar. /j/ will be palatal, inasmuch as the tongue produces a movement like the vowel /i:/ throw the palatal. However in connected-speech they vary their place of articulation


MANNER OF ARTICULATION:

1.-Plosive or stop
2.-Nasal stop
3.-Affricate
4.-Fricative
5.-Liquid
6.-Glide


PLACE OF ARTICULATION:

1.-Bilabial
2.-Alveolar
3.-Glottal
4.-Inter-dental
5.-Labio-dental
6.-Velar
7.-Post-alveolar

8.-Voiced
9.-voiceless